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LVT2
LVT(A)2
LVT4


Landing Vehicle, Tracked, Mark 21-5
LVT2: General
Date of first acceptance 1942 Total acceptances 2963
Manufacturers
  • Food Machinery Corp.
  • Borg-Warner Corp.
  • Graham-Paige
  • St. Louis Car Co.
Crew
3 men
+ 24 passengers
LVT2: Dimensions
Combat weight 30,900lbs
14,000kg
Height 98"
250cm
Length 313"
795cm
Width 128"
325cm
Ground pressure, zero penetration 8.6psi
.60kg/cm²
LVT2: Armament
Type Mount
.50cal M2HB MG Flexible on skate mount M35
Three .30cal M1919A4 MGs Flexible on skate mounts M35
LVT2: Armor
None
LVT2: Automotive
Engine Continental W-670-9A; 7 cylinder, 4 cycle, radial gasoline
Horsepower Net: 250@2400rpm
Gross: 262@2400rpm
Torque Net: 584 ft-lb@1800rpm
Gross: 590 ft-lb@1700rpm
Transmission Synchromesh, 5 speeds forward, 1 reverse
Steering Controlled differential, steering levers
Brakes Mechanical, external contracting
LVT2: Suspension
Type Road wheels Track return rollers
Torsilastic 11 independently sprung/track 2/track
Drive sprockets Idlers Shock absorbers
37-alternate-engaged-tooth front drive 33-tooth adjustable sprocket at rear of track None
LVT2: Track
Outside guide, dry pin, steel link, extruded grousers
Width 14.25"
36.20cm
Pitch 8"
20cm
Shoes/track 73 Ground contact length 126.5"
cm
LVT2: Performance
Max level road speed 20mph
30kph
Max water speed 7.5mph
12kph
Max trench 60"
150cm
Min turning diameter 30', land
48', water
9m, land
15m, water
Max vertical obstacle 36"
91cm
Max grade 60%
Angle of approach 35° Angle of departure 30°
Max fording depth Floats Cruising range ~150mi, roads
~50mi, water
~240km, roads
~80km, water


LVT2's cab was placed a small distance from the bow, and the cab had two windows for the crew. LVT2, known as Water Buffalo, had a cargo capacity of 5940lbs (2690kg), and incorporated torsilastic suspension. This suspension involved springing the road wheels on rubber springs. The track of LVT2 was made up of two chains, each with a pitch of 4" (10cm), which were attached to each other by steel crossbars and the large propellor-like grousers. LVT2 also used the engine and transmission of the gasoline-powered light tank M3.

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Landing Vehicle, Tracked (Armored), Mark 21-4
LVT(A)2: General
Date of first acceptance 1944 Total acceptances 450
Manufacturers
  • Roebling
  • Ford Motor Co.
Crew
3 men
+ 18 passengers
LVT(A)2: Dimensions
Combat weight 32,800lbs
14,900kg
Height 98"
250cm
Length 313"
795cm
Width 128"
325cm
Tread 113.5"
288.3cm
Ground clearance, hard surface 18"
46cm
Ground pressure, zero penetration 9.1psi
.64kg/cm²
LVT(A)2: Armament
Type Mount
.50cal M2HB MG Flexible on skate mount M35
Three .30cal M1919A4 MGs Flexible on skate mounts M35
LVT(A)2: Armor
Assembly
Welding
Hull
Rolled homogeneous steel
Location Thickness
Cab front .5"
1.3cm
Cab rear .25"
.64cm
Hull front .25"
.64cm
Sides .25"
.64cm
LVT(A)2: Automotive
Engine Continental W-670-9A; 7 cylinder, 4 cycle, radial gasoline
Horsepower Net: 250@2400rpm
Gross: 262@2400rpm
Torque Net: 584 ft-lb@1800rpm
Gross: 590 ft-lb@1700rpm
Transmission Synchromesh, 5 speeds forward, 1 reverse
Steering Controlled differential, steering levers
Brakes Mechanical, external contracting
LVT(A)2: Suspension
Type Road wheels Track return rollers
Torsilastic 11 independently sprung/track 2/track
Drive sprockets Idlers Shock absorbers
37-alternate-engaged-tooth front drive 33-tooth adjustable sprocket at rear of track None
LVT(A)2: Track
Outside guide, dry pin, steel link, extruded grousers
Width 14.25"
36.20cm
Pitch 8"
20cm
Shoes/track 73 Ground contact length 126.5"
cm
LVT(A)2: Performance
Max level road speed 20mph
30kph
Max water speed 7.5mph
12kph
Max trench 60"
150cm
Min turning diameter 30', land
48', water
9m, land
15m, water
Max vertical obstacle 36"
91cm
Max grade 60%
Angle of approach 35° Angle of departure 30°
Max fording depth Floats Cruising range ~150mi, roads
~50mi, water
~240km, roads
~80km, water


LVT(A)2 was an LVT2 with the 10- and 14-gauge steel on the cab front and rear, hull front, and pontoon sides replaced with armor plate. The armored cab was fitted with a roof with two hatches equipped with periscopes, and there was a single observation panel in the left front side of the cab that the driver could open for direct vision. The additional weight brought on by the armor reduced the LVT(A)2's cargo capacity to 4950lbs (2250kg).

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Landing Vehicle, Tracked, Mark 41-4
LVT4: General
Date of first acceptance mid-1944 Total acceptances 8348
Manufacturers
  • Food Machinery Corp.
  • Graham-Paige
  • St. Louis Car Co.
Crew 3 men
+ 30 passengers
LVT4: Dimensions
Combat weight 36,400lbs
16,500kg
Height 98"
250cm
Length 313"
795cm
Width 128"
325cm
LVT4: Armament
Type Mount
Two .50cal M2HB MG Pivot mounts at front of cargo area
Two .30cal M1919A4 MGs One on each side of cargo area
LVT4: Armor
None
LVT4: Automotive
Engine Continental W-670-9A; 7 cylinder, 4 cycle, radial gasoline
Horsepower Net: 250@2400rpm
Gross: 262@2400rpm
Torque Net: 584 ft-lb@1800rpm
Gross: 590 ft-lb@1700rpm
Transmission Synchromesh, 5 speeds forward, 1 reverse
Steering Controlled differential, steering levers
Brakes Mechanical, external contracting
LVT4: Suspension
Type Road wheels Track return rollers
Torsilastic 11 independently sprung/track 2/track
Drive sprockets Idlers Shock absorbers
37-alternate-engaged-tooth front drive 33-tooth adjustable sprocket at rear of track None
LVT4: Track
Outside guide, dry pin, steel link, extruded grousers
Width 14.25"
36.20cm
Pitch 8"
20cm
Shoes/track 73 Ground contact length 126.5"
cm
LVT4: Performance
Max level road speed 20mph
30kph
Max water speed 7.5mph
12kph
Max trench 60"
150cm
Min turning diameter 30', land
48', water
9m, land
15m, water
Max vertical obstacle 36"
91cm
Max grade 60%
Angle of approach 35° Angle of departure 30°
Max fording depth Floats


LVT4 was a remodeled LVT2, where the engine was moved from the rear of the vehicle to behind the driver's cab, yielding a larger cargo area and allowing a rear loading ramp to be installed. Applique armor could be attached to the LVT4: .5" (1.3cm) armor on the front and .25" (.64cm) on the sides, but this reduced the LVT4's payload by 3000lbs (1360kg). The LVT4's cab had two large glass windows and two roof hatches, and three armored cabs could be installed as well, with .5" (1.3cm) armor to the front and .25" (.64cm) armor on the top and sides. The front panel of the early cab was solid, with the driver's hatch on the front plate opening outward for observation (much like LVT(A)2's). A periscope was installed in each roof hatch, and these were originally covered by a plastic hemisphere, but these plastic covers were eliminated later. Later armored cabs were fitted with a ball-mounted .30cal machine gun at the assistant driver's position, and the final armored cabs had the ball-mounted MG as well as vision blocks for the driver and assistant driver in place of the driver's earlier vision panel. This final version also lacked the driver's periscope.

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References

  1. Hunnicutt, R.P. Stuart: A History of the American Light Tank, volume 1. Navato, CA: Presidio Press, 1992.
    Reprinted with permission from Stuart, R.P. Hunnicutt ©1992, available from Presidio Press, 505B San Martin Drive, Suite 160, Navato, CA 94945.

  2. Chamberlain, Peter, and Chris Ellis. British and American Tanks of World War Two. Frome, England: Cassell & Co., 2000.

  3. Crismon, Fred W. U.S. Military Tracked Vehicles. Osceola, WI: Motorbooks International, 1992.

  4. Siemers, Cary. "USA's Landing Vehicle Tracked." World War II Tanks & Vehicles and Advanced Squad Leader. 25 Nov 2000. 16 Jan 2001 <http://www.shadowsfolly.com/WWII/USA/LandingVehicleTracked.htm>.

  5. Alexander, Joseph H. "Marine Corps Armor Operations in World War II." Camp Colt to Desert Storm: The History of U.S. Armored Forces. Eds. George F. Hofmann, Donn A. Starry. USA: University Press of Kentucky, 1999.



Last updated 3 Apr 2001.

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© Copyright 2001 Chris Conners